Ukuthuthuka kobuchwepheshe kusho ukuthi nezigebengu ezibusebenzisayo ziyathuthuthuka. Yazi izindlela ongazivikela ngazo, kuloba uSiyabonga Mabuza

ESIKHATHINI esiphila kusona manje, yonke into ixhumene futhi isebenza ngobuchwepheshe, yingakho ukuzivikela ngendlela efanele kwezobuchwepheshe, phecelezi i-cybersecurity, kubalulekile njengokutshala imali, ukuba namakhono ahlukene, ukuqhamuka nezinto ezintsha nokuba nabaphathi abafanele ukuze ibhizinisi liphumelele.
Loku kumqoka kakhulu futhi manje njengoba kule minyaka emibili edlule kwandile ukusebenzela noma ngabe yikuphi, isekhaya nokuxuba lezi zindlela nokuya ehhovisi. Loku kunyuse amathuba okuthi izinkampani zihlaselwe yizigangi ezisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe kanti lolu hlobo lobugebengu luphucula nsuku zonke.
Izinkampani ezinkulu zinosizo lwama-firewall, iminyango yezobuchwepheshe neminye imigomo yokuzivikela ethuthukile kodwa nazo zisengozini yokuhlaselwa ngobucwepheshe. Ngakho-ke nosomabhizinisi abasafufusa kufanele baqaphele ngoba loku kubeka amabhizinisi abo nolwazi lwabo engozini. Kepha abaningi abazi ukuthi baqale kuphi uma kukhulunywa ngokuzivikela kulobu bugebengu, ukuntshontshelwa imininingwane nokuhlaselwa abanezinhloso ezimbi.
Ukuqaphela ukuzivikela
Indlela yokuqala yokuvikela ezigangini ezisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe wukwazi ngalobu bugebengu nokuhlala uqaphile futhi kufanele uhlale uqaphile. Ngo-2021 kwabanjwa imizamo ewu-230 million yabantu ababezama ukuhlasela ngobuchwepheshe eNingizimu Afrika, babezama kakhulu ngale ndlela ekuthiwa i-phishing. Zicela ku-96% izinkampani abazama ukuzihlasela ngale ndlela kanti nalezo zinkampani ababezama ukuzihlasela ngama-email zithi azisondele kuso lesi sibalo.
Akuseyona imizamo yamavukana lena. Amaqembu ezigebengu ezihlelekile aseqhamuke nezindlela ezinzima futhi ezisebenza ngezigaba ezihlukile ukuhlasela lapho izinkampani zibuthaka khona kakhulu – imvamisa okuyizisebenzi zazo. Kudingeka nje ukuthi umuntu acindezele i-link enganakile bese nje angene amanzi endlini kanjalo. Yile ndlela izigebengu eziningi ezihlasela ngobuchwepheshe ezingena ngayo zithole ulwazi olubucayi njengemininingwane yasebhange noma zifake i-software ezocekela phansi njenge-ransomware.
I-ransomware isetshenziswa ukuvimba ukuthi nikwazi ukusebenzisa amakhompyutha kuze kube kukhona inhlawulo eniyikhokhayo kanti ingenye yezingozi ezinkulu njengoba u-75% wayo usetshenziswa ukuhlasela izinkampani ezintathu kwezine emhlabeni.
Yini isixazululo?
Ezinkampanini ezisafufusa lapho osomabhizinisi nezisebenzi zabo benza khona imisebenzi eminingi, ukuvikela amakhompyutha abawasebenzisayo kungabonakala kuwumsebenzi omkhulu. Zikhona izinyathelo wonke umuntu osebenzisa ikhompyutha angazisebenzisa.
Okokuqala kumqoka ukungasebenzi i-password eyodwa ezindaweni ezihlukene ngoba loko kwenza kube lukhuni kwabazama ukukuhlasela ukuthi bakwazi ukungena kuma-akhawunti akho. Kufanele uwagade nama-link asolisayo ovele ubone esethushuka kwi-email yakho nasuke ezenza sengathi aqhamuka enkampanini eyaziwayo. Izigebengu ezihlasela ngobuchwepheshe ziyathanda ukuzenza izinkampani ezithenjwayo ngethemba lokuthi zizobamba abantu benganakile.
Empeleni wumkhuba omuhle ukungayicindezeli i-hyperlink kwi-email. Zijwayeze ukuyithatha uyivule eceleni. Khumbule umthetho omkhulu: cabanga ngaphambi kokucindezela.
Kubalulekile ukuqeqeshwa
Empeleni kufanele zonke izisebenzi ezisebenzisa amakhompyutha azimele wodwa naxhumene namanye ziye koqeqeshwa kwi-cybersecurity eyenziwa yinkampani eyaziwayo nehlonishwayo ukuze zizofunda ukuthi izigebengu ezihlasela ngobuchwepheshe zisebenza kanjani. Nakuba abantu namabhizinisi behlomula ebuchwephesheni obusha, nezigebengu ziyahlomula ngokunjalo. Abaningi basebenzisa ubuxhakaxhaka be-artificial Intelligence (i-AI) ukuvumbulula ulwazi nokukhinyabeza amakhompyutha.
Ukuba namakhono nolwazi lokuzivikela ebugebengwini bamakhompyutha kubalulekile ebhizinisini njengamanye amakhono afana nawemali nokuphatha kanti ukuyoqeqeshwa kwenza osomabhizinisi nezisebenzi bathuthukise ulwazi.
Ukuqeqeshwa kusiza ukuthi babone lapho ezobuchwepheshe zibuthaka khona bese bevala intuba. Bazofunda nokuthi yini edala ukuthi ubuxhakaxhaka obuthuthukile nobukwazi ukwenza eminye imisebenzi eyenziwa ngabantu i-AI, i-metaverse ne-blockchain benze amakhompyutha abe buthaka nezindlela zokuzivikela.
Iqiniso wukuthi ulwazi inkampani enalo ngenye yezinto ezimqoka ebhizinisini kanti futhi njengoba seluluningi kangaka nolwazi olubucayi kwi-internet, awukwazi ukudembesela.
- UNks uMabuza uyinhloko yeCyber Security: 4th Industrial Revolution Incubator (4IRI)